Ancient Music Reference
- The earliest treatise on music, dance and drama is BHARATMUNI'S NATYASHASTRA.
- Nada(sound) is the very basis of creation
- the premitive sound OM is considered to that it has given a origin to other musical sound
- there are references to music in rigveda, yajurveda, brahmans, the upanishads
- singing found an intrinsic part of all the sacrifices in the vedic period
- the special priest UDGATAR used to sing humns of rigveda and all such hymns that were sung constitute SAMVEDA.(saman => music, veda => knowledge)
- all later music is considered to have developed from SAMAN described in samaveda
- The grammar of music is called as GANDARVA VEDA which is subpart of SAMAVEDA (upaveda)
Basics of Indian Music
- 3 important features: Swara, Rag, Thal
- Swara:
- in general sense => tone/pitch
- the basic scale of indian music is HEPTATONIC. => 7 basic tones
- Sa- Sadja,Re - Rishabha, Ga- Gandhara, Ma- Madhyama, Pa- Pancham, Dha- Dhavaitha, Ni- Nishada( Do, Re, Mi, Fa, Sa, Li, To => western)
- all the 7 combined is called as SARGAM.
- the minutest of the sound which can be detected by human ear is called as SHRUTI (Shrooyate Iti)
- Shruthi basic to swara
- Raga
- forms the basis of Melody.
- it is a combination of tones or swar with which Illuminating graces of Raga are formed
- in every Raga there are minimum 5 notes and maximum without repetition 7
- 5 Swara : Odhava Raga
- 6 Swara: Sadhava Raga
- 7 Swara : Sampoorna Raga
- Tala
- are rhythemic cycle and it is arrangement of beat in a cyclical manner
- the fundamental unit of Indian rhythemic structure are
- Thisra (3 rythemic cycle)
- 4: Chatusra
- 5: Khanda
- 6: Misra
- 7: Sankirtana
Types of Indian Music
- Classical music
- Hindustani
- Carnatic
- Folk => republic day parade should be asked
- Modern
- other
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