Sanskrit Literature
- Vedic
- Rigveda
- Yajurveda
- Samaveda
- Atharvaveda
- Classic
- Kavya
- Natak
- Fables and Parables
- Scientific Books& Mathematics
- Books of Grammar
Scientific Literature
Brahmasputa Siddhantika
- by Brahmagupta
- book on maths
- zero is mentioned
Aryabhatiya
- book on astronomy
Lilavathi
- book on Mathematics
- written by Mahaviracharya (was Jain)
Book by Varahamihir
- on maths and astronomy
Charak Samhita
- book on medicine, by charak
Sushruth Samhita
- book on surgery, by Sushruth
Rasarnava
- Book on Mettalurgy and chemistry
- written by Nagarjuna
- mainly deals with Alchemy
Rasa Ratnakar
- About chemical Reaction
- by Nagarjuna
Books on Grammar
Ashtadhyayi
- by Panini
Mahabhashya
- by pathanjali
- it is a commentary on Panini's ashtadhyay
- more important than Ashtadyayi
Buddhist Literature
- Mahavastu -> Hinayana;
- Lalitvistara -> Mahayana;
Veda's => Knowledge
Rigveda
- is a collection of 1028 hymns
- it is also divided into 10 Mandals
- most of the hymns of rigveda spoke of beautiful discription of nature. Highly recognise values of life such as Honesty, truth, sacrifice etc.
- Prayers are there for worldly prosperity and for development of highly cultured society
- it also provides the knowledge about social, political and economic condition of Vedic period.
- 2 important Brahmans (book give origin to brahmin. and caste system)
- Kaushitak
- Aitreya
Yajurveda
- Yajur means worship or sacrifice
- it contains mainly rites and mantras
- it gives direction to the performance of Yajnas.
- it is the most popular of four vedas
- it also provides the knowledge about social, political and economic condition of Vedic period.
- 2 important Brahmans
- Taitreya: it belongs to krishnapaksh.
- Shatpant: it belongs to Shuklapaksh.
Samaveda
- Veda of music
- Raga Ragini System
- there are 16000 Ragas & Raginis which are mentioned in samveda.
- Science of music is called Gandharwaveda, it is subpart of Samaveda
Atharvaveda
- aka. Brahmavedas it contains treatment of 99 diseases
- the origin of this veda traces to 2 rishi's
- Atharva
- Angirah
- it was written during later vedic period.
- It gives information about socio-political and economic condition of later vedic period
- Brahmans
- Panchvish
- Jaimaniya
Upavedas => subtext for explanations
- The brahmans -> Introduction (like prelims)
- it gives detail account or explanation of vedic rituals
- Also deals with instructions and guidelines for performance of ritual
- The Aranyakas -> elaboration (mains)
- Means forest; they were tought in Vanaprasth stage to the people
- Aranyakas deals with soul, life, death, birth and life beyond death.
- Upanishads -> Deeper study (interview.)
- upnishad means "Sit near by guru" in gurushishya parampara to learn more sophisticated matters.
- it deals with questions like origin of Universe, life, death and salvation, material and spiritual world and the nature of the knowledge.
Samhita =>
- these are the books of Mantras & Benevolence(=> good things).
- all the 4 vedas has their own samhitas
- samhitas are not limited to vedic text only and there are many post vedic samhitas.
2nd most important => Epics => Ramayana, Mahabharath
3rd Most important => Puranas
- means that THE ONE WHICH RENEWS THE OLD.
- puranas are always mentioned along with ITIHAS (=> a perticular chronology of events)
- these are kind of mythological stories & creative ideas coupled with supernatural power, magical charms etc.
- Purana's were written during GUPTA period when buddhism was emanating as a threat to Hinduism
- the guptha rulers tried to revive the glory of hindu religion with institutionalising the concepts of hinuism through TEMPLE ARCHITECTURE and literature in the form of PURANAS.
- at that point of time 18 puranas & same number of uppuranas were written. Some well Known puranas
- Brahma
- Bhagawat
- Padma
- Vishnu
- Vayu
- Agni
- Matsya
- Garud => after death + donate the used things to Brahmins
- most of the rituals written in puranas.
Note:
Fables and Parables
- both are didactic;
- fable is creative/innovative/ mythological characters ,
- parable is real characters but imaginary story
Dandkatha => Panchatantra.
Fiction
Non-fiction
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